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- <text id=89TT3278>
- <title>
- Dec. 11, 1989: Counterattack
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Dec. 11, 1989 Building A New World
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- HEALTH, Page 96
- Counterattack
- </hdr><body>
- <p>Alpha-interferon becomes the first treatment for hepatitis C
- </p>
- <p> When it comes to hepatitis, doctors, like children, must
- learn their ABCs. As they have long been taught, the
- liver-destroying disease is caused by two distinct viruses,
- known as A and B. But many patients show no signs of having been
- exposed to either virus. Earlier this year scientists took a
- significant step toward solving the riddle of non-A, non-B
- hepatitis by moving on down the alphabet. They identified a
- third virus that produces hepatitis and called it type C. Last
- week researchers announced another milestone: the first
- effective therapy for hepatitis C.
- </p>
- <p> Reporting in the New England Journal of Medicine, two
- separate teams of scientists found that treatment with the drug
- interferon halted destruction of liver cells in about half the
- patients with chronic hepatitis. A total of 207 people were
- studied by the two teams, one led by investigators at the
- University of Florida, the other at the National Institute of
- Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
- </p>
- <p> Patients received injections of interferon, a natural
- infection-fighting protein that can be artificially produced by
- genetically altered bacteria. One drawback: most of the
- patients who improved suffered a relapse when the injections
- ended. Doctors think the problem may be resolved by giving
- interferon for longer periods or in higher doses. Says Dr. Saul
- Krugman of New York University medical school: "There's no
- question that it is very promising."
- </p>
- <p> Hepatitis C afflicts an estimated 150,000 Americans each
- year. The virus, like type B, is spread primarily by sexual
- activity and through tainted blood in transfusions or on
- addicts' dirty needles. (Hepatitis A is passed along mainly
- through contaminated foods.) Researchers at Chiron Corp., a
- biotechnology firm in Emeryville, Calif., that first identified
- the C virus, have devised a test for the pathogen that can be
- used to screen the blood supply.
- </p>
- <p> Many of the people who contract hepatitis C never show
- symptoms. But like Typhoid Mary, they become silent carriers of
- the disease. About half those infected eventually suffer liver
- damage. Some 15,000 patients a year develop cirrhosis, and a
- small number may get cancer. That toll may be cut by interferon.
- But doctors warn that the mystery of non-A, non-B hepatitis may
- not be completely resolved. Type C virus could account for most
- of these cases, but there is evidence that yet another
- blood-borne virus will extend the hepatitis alphabet still
- further.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
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